Hydrogen refuel station unveiled

A hydrogen refuelling station which could be installed in the home as an alternative to visiting a petrol station has been unveiled.
Users will need a hydrogen-powered car to go with it although the system can also be used for heating and cooking.
Hydrogen has long been touted as an alternative energy source to carbon-hungry fossil fuels.
One of the biggest obstacles to wider adoption of fuel-cell vehicles is the lack of hydrogen fuelling stations.
To be used as a fuel, hydrogen must first be produced using another energy source.
While some scientists are hopeful of the fuel uses of hydrogen, many others are sceptical because it is inefficient to produce, expensive to transport and to convert into electricity.
A home refuelling station could provide much needed infrastructure to kick-start a hydrogen-based economy, thinks Sheffield-based ITM Power, the firm behind the system.

Hydrogen fridge

The hydrogen home refuelling station works via an electrolyser which produces the gas from water and electricity.
An internal combustion generator converts the gas back into electricity to provide power for the home.
ITM Power has set up a showcase hydrogen home in Sheffield, where the gas is used for heating, cooking and to operate a fridge.
In terms of producing hydrogen to power a car, the unit can make enough gas overnight to provide fuel for 25 miles.The hope is eventually to have higher-pressure refuelling units in public places which would be capable of offering enough hydrogen for cars to travel 100 miles.
Such units would be more expensive as they would require a hydrogen compressor which costs around £20,000.
But ITM thinks its system has the potential to revolutionise the move to more green energy.
"Given the pressing need to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels, especially oil, and to cut CO2 emissions, the future for hydrogen as an alternative means of storing and utilising energy cost-effectively has never been brighter," said Jim Heathcote, chief executive of ITM.
David Hart, a research fellow at Imperial College, London studying hydrogen energy, questioned the cost involved and how energy efficient it would be.
"The critical element of this is how much it would cost to put such a refuelling station in your home. The technology is very plausible but there are some issues about public acceptance," he said.
The fact that the refuelling station uses electricity meant it would not be a much-sought after zero emissions system unless the electricity itself is produced in a more green way, he added.
According to Mr Heathcote, the unit - which is currently only a prototype - could be commercially available as soon as the end of this year.
If they were mass produced he estimates they would initially cost around £2000.
He see the first market for the product as being large companies which use a lot of vehicles such as the Post Office.
But eventually it will become common in homes, he thinks. He said that the next stage of the firm's work would be to produce a liquid fuel.

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Beware green energy tariffs

Signing up for so-called ‘green electricity’ doesn’t guarantee a cut in emissions. So what are the best clean energy options out there?

More electricity users are signing up to green energy tariffs every year, says UK electricity regulator Ofgem. But the truth is that if everyone on the national grid changed to a green tariff tomorrow, we wouldn’t have created any more green energy collectively. This, plus the growing uncertainty surrounding the role of renewables in the future UK energy mix, means it’s time for companies to start questioning the validity of their green tariffs.

In the UK, renewable energy generates Renewables Obligation Certificates (ROCs) that are sold on the market to electricity companies. By law, they have to buy a minimum 7.9% renewables into their energy mix in the year 2007/8. This figure will gradually increase to 15.4% by 2027, according to government targets.

At the moment, there aren’t even enough ROCs to go around the energy companies to satisfy these targets, says Ofgem. Companies could only buy 66% of the total ROCs needed to satisfy the 2006/7 target, down from 76% in 2005/6. The cost of the remaining deficit of green energy is paid into a buy-out fund, which is distributed to ROC providers for future investment.

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UK to slow expansion of biofuels

The UK is to slow its adoption of biofuels amid fears they raise food prices and harm the environment, the transport secretary has said.
Ruth Kelly said biofuels had potential to cut carbon emissions but there were "increasing questions" about them.
"Uncontrolled" growing of fuel crops could destroy rainforest, she told MPs.
A government-commissioned report recommends ministers "amend not abandon" biofuel policies. The Tories said policy had to change "right now".
'Important role'
Ms Kelly's statement comes as the European Parliament is about to vote on whether to scrap the EU's target of sourcing 10% of transport fuel from biofuels by 2020.
World Bank president Robert Zoellick has also called for reform in rich countries, urging them to grow more food instead.

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BROWN HIRES A LUXURY JET TO FLY TO GREEN SUMMIT

GORDON Brown provoked ridicule last night after chartering a luxury jet from America to fly to Japan for a conference discussing global warming.
The Prime Minister was flown on a gas-guzzling Boeing 767 private jet to attend the G8 Summit of world leaders in Hokkaido.
Downing Street’s choice of private hirers – MLW Air in Dallas, Texas – added over 9,000 carbon-emitting air miles to the journey.
MLW Air chief executive Martin Woodall confirmed last night that 767 flew 4,700 miles from Dallas to collect Mr Brown.
After the 12,000 round-trip to the summit it will drop the leader off in London, then have to fly all the way back to Dallas.

The whole exercise is thought to have cost the British taxpayer at least £500,000.

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